Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats

Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
European Parliament group
Name	Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
English abbr.	S&D[1] (23 June 2009 – present) Older: PES[2] (21 April 1993[3] – 22 June 2009) SOC[2] (1958[4] – 21 April 1993)[3] S[5] (23 June 1953[3] – 1958)[4]
French abbr.	S&D[6] (23 June 2009 – present) Older: PSE[7] (21 April 1993 – 22 June 2009) SOC[2] (1958 – 21 April 1993) S[5] (23 June 1953 – 1958)
Formal name	Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament[1] (23 June 2009 – present) Older: Socialist Group in the European Parliament[7][8] (20 July 2004[3] – 23 June 2009) Group of the Party of European Socialists[5][9] (21 April 1993[3] – 20 July 2004)[3] Socialist Group[4][10] (1958[4] – 21 April 1993)[3] Group of the Socialists[5] (23 June 1953[3] – 1958)[4]
Ideology	Social democracy[11][12] Progressivism Pro-Europeanism
Political position	Centre-left[13]
European parties	PES
Associated organisations	Progressive Alliance Socialist International
From	23 June 1953[3]
To	Present
Chaired by	Iratxe García
MEP(s)	140 / 705
Website	socialistsanddemocrats.eu

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The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D)^[1] is the political group in the European Parliament of the Party of European Socialists (PES).^[14] The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats was officially founded as a Socialist Group on 29 June 1953, which makes it the second oldest political group in the European Parliament after Renew Europe (Renew). It adopted its present-day name on 23 June 2009.^[15] Centre-left in orientation,^[16] the group mostly comprises social-democratic parties and is affiliated with the Progressive Alliance and Socialist International.

Until the 1999 European Parliament elections, it was the largest group in the Parliament, but since then it has always been the second-largest group. During the eighth EU Parliament Assembly, the S&D was the only Parliament group with representation from all 27 EU member states. In the current EU Parliament the S&D is currently composed of 140 members from 25 member states.

In the European Council, eight out of 27 heads of state and government belong to PES parties and in the European Commission, 8 out of 27 Commissioners come from PES parties.